Towards Expert-level Medical AI for Real-time Video Consultations

Source

• Source name: arXiv
• Source kind: paper
• Authors / organization: Mahvish Nagda, Jihyeon Lee, Matthew Thompson, Chunjong Park, Tim Strother, Valentin Liévin, Roma Ruparel, Akshay Goel, Teya Bergamaschi, Suhana Bedi, Meet Shah, Pavel Dubov, Liviu Panait, Toshiyuki Fukuzawa, Sam Schmidgall, Craig Schiff, Joseph Xu, Aliya Rysbek, Yana Lunts, Jan Freyberg, Rebecca Hemengway, Sunny Virmani, David Racz, Carey Radebaugh, Joëlle Barral, Kavi Goel, Dale R. Webster, Katherine Chou, Avinatan Hassidim, Yossi Matias, James Manyika, Gregory Wayne, Tao Tu, Yun Liu, Ethan Goh, Christina Chen, Ryutaro Tanno, Po-Hsuan Cameron Chen, Mike Schaekermann, Anil Palepu
• Venue: arXiv: cs.AI
• Published: 2026-08-10
• Collected: 2026-08-11
• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.09861v1
• PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.09861v1
• DOI: UNKNOWN
• Registry group: academic_apis_and_preprints
• Evidence role: canonical_academic_index
• Language: en
• Country / region: UNKNOWN

Plain-Language Brief

Researchers have developed AMIE (Articulate Medical Intelligence Explorer) in a video configuration for real-time clinical video consultations, which performs at expert level compared to human primary care physicians (PCPs). The system integrates low-latency dialogue, clinical reasoning, and real-time audio-visual perception. In an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) study, AMIE (Video) was rated on par or better than PCPs in history-taking, diagnosis, management, and physical observation and examination. Patient actors preferred AMIE's approach to assessing and explaining conditions, while PCPs were preferred for rapport and partnership building.

What the Document Says

• Researchers developed AMIE (Video) for real-time clinical video consultations.
• AMIE (Video) is a multi-agent system that integrates low-latency dialogue, clinical reasoning, and real-time audio-visual perception.
• In an OSCE study, AMIE (Video), PCPs, and its text-only counterpart AMIE (Text) were compared in a video consultation setting.
• Clinical evaluators rated AMIE (Video) on par or better than PCPs in history-taking, diagnosis, management, and physical observation and examination.
• Patient actors preferred AMIE's approach to assessing and explaining conditions over text chat.
• PCPs were preferred by patient actors for rapport and partnership building.

Key Concepts Mentioned

• AMIE
• real-time clinical video consultations
• Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)
• primary care physicians (PCPs)

Claims Made by the Document

• AMIE (Video) performs at expert level in real-time clinical video consultations.
• Patient actors prefer AMIE's approach to assessing and explaining conditions.

Evidence Used

• comparison in an OSCE study
• clinical evaluators' ratings

Methods / Approach

UNKNOWN

Limitations Stated by the Authors

UNKNOWN

Limitations Noted by the Agent

Agent interpretation — not from the source.

UNKNOWN

Open Questions

UNKNOWN

Notes for Future Q&A

May include interpretation. Labeled where it does.

UNKNOWN

Raw Abstract / Excerpt

Audio-visual interaction is the standard for patient-physician consultations, enabling natural communication and effective assessment of illness through non-verbal cues. While text-based AI has shown promise, it discards essential perceptual dimensions and limits patients who cannot articulate symptoms in writing. Early efforts to extend medical AI to audio-visual interaction have demonstrated feasibility but not reached clinician-level performance. Here, we provide the first demonstration of expert-level AI in real-time clinical video consultations using AMIE (Articulate Medical Intelligence Explorer) in a video configuration. AMIE (Video) is a Gemini-based multi-agent system integrating low-latency dialogue, clinical reasoning, and real-time audio-visual perception. To guide development, we established a taxonomy and automated evaluations for clinical audio-visual cues in telehealth settings. In a randomized Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) study with 30 primary care physicians (PCPs), 15 patient actors and 100 clinical scenarios, we compared AMIE (Video), its text-only counterpart AMIE (Text), and PCPs consulting via video. Clinical evaluators rated AMIE (Video) on par or better than PCPs in history-taking, diagnosis, management, and physical observation and examination. Patient actors preferred AMIE's approach to assessing and explaining conditions, while PCPs were preferred for rapport and partnership building. In modality ablation, patient actors preferred AMIE (Video)'s interface over text chat for communicative effectiveness, convenience, and feeling understood. Limitations remain in fine anatomical precision, subtle affective nuances, and high-frequency movements. While further research is needed before real-world translation, these results mark an important milestone toward AI systems capable of augmenting care across the sensory complexity of clinical practice.